High gain
high input impedance
low output impedance
The advantage is most of the circuit has already been connected up for you and you only have to add a dc power supply and couple of components to set what frequency you want it to work at.
beta dc= ic/ib!!
when the dc supply given, dc load line lies in the Ic and Vcc. when the AC supply given, AC load line lies in the Ic and Vcc.
opamp is a device used to amplify ac as well as DC input signals. It is called as operational amp becoz it is used to perform all mathematical operations. Symbol of opamp indicates the direction of current.
Depending on if you have a DC,IC you can use it "Because the lightning struck a tree, I was scared to death". So, right after the Dependent clause. or in IC,DC right after the Independent clause.
IC 7806 is the voltage regulator that gives 6V dc voltage from 230V ac power supply. It is used to give power supply to the IC which operates on 6V.
Emitter current can be summed up by the formula: IE = IC+ IB Where IE = Emitter Current, IC = Collector Current, and IB = Base Current So simply take IE - IC and you'll get an IB of about 100uA. (5mA-4mA = .1mA or 100uA) Also, remember that IB controls IC and IE, not the other way around. You can also determine IB if Beta is known by the formula: IC = IB * Beta Which can be manipulated to equal IB = IC/Beta Hope this was helpful.
DC power supply is used to power the IC's and other active and passive devices.It is provide to amplify the weak signal with the help of amplifiers.
- The ratio of the dc collector current (IC) to the dc base current (IB) is thedc beta (bDC).- bDC is called the gainof a transistor:bDC = IC/IB- Typical values of bDC range from less than 20 to 200 or higher.- bDC is usually designated as an equivalent hybrid (h)parameter:hFE = bDC- The ratio of the collector current (IC) to the dc emitter current (IE) is the dc alpha (aDC). This is a less-used parameter than beta.aDC = IC/IE- Typical values range from 0.95 to 0.99 or greater.- aDC is always less than 1.- This is because IC is always slightly less than IE by the amount of IB.- From graph above we can see that there are 6 important parameters to be considered:i) IB: dc base current.ii) IE: dc emitter current.iii) IC: dc collector current.iv) VBE: dc voltage at base with respect to emitter.v) VCB: dc voltage at collector with respect to base.vi) VCE: dc voltage at collector with respect to emitter.- VBB forward-biases the BE junction.- VCC reverse-biases the BC junction.- When the BE junction is forward biased, it is like a forward biased diode:VBE ? 0.7 V- But it can be as high as 0.9 V (and is dependent on current). We will use 0.7 V from now on.- Emitter is at ground. Thus the voltage across RB isVR(B) = VBB- VBE- AlsoVR(B) = I­RRB- Or:I­RRB = VBB- VBE- Solving:IB = (VBB- VBE)/RB- Voltage at collector with respect to grounded emitter is:VCE = VCC - VR(C)- Since drop across RC is VR(C) = ICRC the voltage at the collector is also:VCE = VCC - ICRC- Where IC = bDCIB. Voltage across the reverse-biased collector-bias junction isVCB = VCE - VBEthank you
it is DC powered, but can generate sawtooth or triangular wave AC if wired up properly. it cannot generate sine wave AC, although with an opamp wave shaping circuit the triangular AC waveform can be reshaped to a rough approximation of a sine wave.
it can be done using L293d ic , the ic can control two motors. refer the data sheet for the connections and circuit. L293d also has inbuilt H-bridge.
dc characteristics:- 1.input off set voltage, 2. input bias current, Ac characteristics:- 1, commen mode rejection ratio, 2. slew rate