A social science concern with using scarce resources to obtain the maximum satisfaction of the ulimited material wants of the society.
Ole Christensen Walstad was born in 1799.
In a proper filtered aquarium that is properly stocked and has completed the nitrogen cycle you should be doing 20% water changes once a week. In heavily planted and very lightly stocked tanks you may get away with once a fortnight. If you're keeping very messy fish such as Plecos or Goldfish then you may need to do twice a week! In an unfiltered bowl you would need to do it several times a week, but no fish should be kept in an unfiltered aquarium unless you are following the Walstad Method, which is pretty complex and technical!
When starting a new aquarium sometimes it is best that before you put any fish in it that you let it cycle (let the filter and other equipment run) for about a week or two. This helps the good bacteria needed for fish survival to build up so that when your fish is added it doesn't struggle with building it up himself.