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Developmental stages include infancy (0-2 years), childhood (3-12 years), adolescence (13-19 years), and adulthood (20+ years). Each stage has specific developmental tasks: infancy involves bonding and attachment, childhood focuses on learning and socialization, adolescence centers on identity formation and independence, and adulthood involves establishing intimacy and generativity.
The developmental tasks of early childhood include: 1. attachment and separation 2. mastery of bodily functions 3. developing the capacity that permits one to cope with stimulation 4. development of a sense of "agency" or "I"-ness: the awareness that one is able to act independentlyand make choices 5. playing -- the ability to explore, and communicate with others, through the use of one's imagination
Late childhood typically refers to the stage between ages 9-11. During this period, developmental tasks may include further developing social skills, forming a sense of self-identity, increasing independence from parents, advancing cognitive abilities, and establishing more advanced problem-solving skills. Children in late childhood also start to navigate peer relationships, develop a clearer understanding of right and wrong, and show increased interest in hobbies and activities outside the family.
developmental stages
developmental stages
Understanding the developmental tasks at each level of development can help individuals and caregivers support healthy growth and development by providing appropriate resources, activities, and environments. It can also inform professionals working with individuals at different life stages to tailor interventions and support services to meet specific developmental needs. Lastly, knowledge of developmental tasks can aid in identifying potential challenges or delays in development and intervening early to address them effectively.
Robert James HAVIGHURST has written: 'Developmental tasks and education'
Reinhard L. Friede has written: 'Developmental neuropathology' -- subject(s): Developmental neurobiology, In infancy & childhood, In infancy and childhood, Inborn Errors Metabolism, Inborn errors of Metabolism, Nervous System Diseases, Pathology, Pediatric neurology
Developmental milestones, such as crawling, walking and talking occur later than usual. At about 1 to 2 years of age, these children develop an insatiable appetite leading to behavior problems.
A common developmental milestone for children in middle childhood (6 to 8 years old) is the ability to follow complex instructions, organize tasks, and show increased independence in completing activities like dressing themselves or completing homework. Children also start to develop a better sense of empathy and understanding others' perspectives during this stage.
The perception of one's experiences in childhood is the focus of developmental psychology, which studies how early experiences shape individuals' cognitive, emotional, and social development. Childhood experiences can influence behavior and psychological functioning in later stages of life. Understanding these influences can help in promoting healthy development and addressing challenges that may arise from early experiences.