What are the differences between heparin sodium and heparin lithium?

Answer 1

Calcium lignosulfonate is obtained from soft wood processed in sulfite pulping method for producing paper.

They small pieces of softwood is put into reaction tank to react with acidic calcium bisulfite solution for 5-6 hours under the temperature of 130 degree Centigrade. During the process the bisulfite ions reacted with native lignin to for sulfonated lignin, that is lignosulfonate. Also the calcium ion stabilize the anionic lignosulfonate group. After complete reaction the insoluble cello use and soluble calcium lignosulphonate is separated by filter.

After filtration the filtrate contains some lignosulfonate, bisulfite salts and reducing agent monomers. Thus will add into sulfuric acid then through evaporation to evaporate the water and sulfite like sulfur oxide.

Then the filtrate will be diluted with water for further purification by ultrafiltration when the temperature is slightly going up. Ultrafiltration is liquid /liquid separation to separate the filtrate by a semi permeable membrane.

Then the filtrate is added into diluted sulfuric acid to adjust PH the evaporate around 100 degree Centigrade for spray dry.

Sodium lignosulfonate is a natural polymer has three aromatic alcohols coniferyl alcohols, p-coumaryl alcohol, sinapyl alcohol, coniferyl alcohols is the principla.

It has a strong dispersion capacity, due to the molecular weight and the type of functional group with varying degrees of dispersion capability.Also is a natural surfactant.

Sodium lignosulfonate has strong cation exchange capability, and also because of the presence of a variety of reactive groups on its organizational structure, and thus can produce condensation or hydrogen-bonding interactions occur with other compounds, also also -COOH, -OH function groups.

Sodium lignosulfonate is widely used in different area like chemical, construction, ceramics, the mineral powder Metallurgy, pesticides, oil, carbon black, refractories, CWS dispersants other industries are widely promotion and application.

Molecular Structure:Sodium Lignosulphonate 8061-51-6.

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Answer 2

Lithium can form crystals and should not be used with certain body fluids in the collection of fine needle aspirations.