These letters are referred to as the Epistles.
Epistles are letters written to encourage the early Christians. These were encouraging letters to new believers as they started their new journey in Christ.
Epistles
The Bible.
The Bible
I think the person asking the question meant to say OldTestament. Neither the Old nor the New Testament was called that until they were compiled as the Bible in the late 14th century.
The Greek-speaking early Christians of the Middle East, who simply called it : the "Book"- Biblos, in Greek.
No. The gospels are the first four books of the Bible, the first-hand accounts of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. I think you are thinking of the letters that Paul sent to the new churches, which are called epistles.
Being that most of Christ's teachings were based on the Hebrew writings, early Christians referred to the Jewish TaNaK, which is the Hebrew Bible. Many of the different books of the New Testament were originally written and published separately, so many early Christians added them to their Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible, called the Septuagint. It wasn't until the books of the New Covenant, or the New Testament, were beginning to be canonized into an organized Christian bible, with the books of the TaNaK at it's basis, when the Hebrew texts were seen as the Old Testament.
Christian means "Christ-like." That is the origin of it. The early Christians were noted by their neighbors to be like Christ, so they called them Christians. The Bible states that they were first called Christians in Antioch. Acts 11:26 And when he had found him, he brought him unto Antioch. And it came to pass, that a whole year they assembled themselves with the church, and taught much people. And the disciples were called Christians first in Antioch.
The earliest letter in the bible is the Letter by Paul to the church in Corinth.
the earliest christians were able to read the bible...if they could read. Once the bible was translated to latin in the vulgate, it became out of reach for most believers. This was done because latin was the language of the educated. What kept them from reading was not that they weren't allowed but that they didn't have a bible and they couldn't read latin.
By word of mouth, by reading the Bible, by showing you are Christian, so others follow your footsteps.