If you are referring to cellular membrane, different types of injury vary according to the cell type. Some typical examples of agents that may cause damage to cellular membrane in people are:
Toxic drugs, solvents & metals; oxidative stress; gastric acid; cigarette smoke; autoimmune damage; excessive hormonal activity; physical trauma; heat/cold; too little or too many dietary elements; radiation; viruses; bacteria; parasites; fungi.
The cell membrane is actually very fragile. Physical trauma, electricity and heat are all examples of things that can damage the cell membrane.
They damage the alveolar-capillary membrane
size/ polarity can be the factors
You can damage the tympanic membrane (ear drum).
That would expose the DNA to possible damage.
Plasma membrane defines the boundary of the cell and regulates the flow of material into and out of the cell. Ruptured plasma membrane generally heals within no time but if rupturing does not heal, the cell contents will spill over and cell is killed.
it dies.
it will damage
It would depend on the extent of the damage to the cell membrane. If there is only minor damage to the membrane, the cell will produce the necessary proteins, fats and carbohydrates to repair the damage, and work towards returning to homeostasis. If the damage is extensive, the cell will lyse and die, as it is no longer able to maintain homeostasis.
Most membrane functions are carried out by proteins. The cell membrane is important because it protects what is inside the cell from outside damage.
The polarity of membrane phospholipids -Mastering Biology
The tympanic membrane (also known as the ear drum)
The conjunctive is a thin membrane covering the eyeball, and protects it from damage.
A decrease in glucose production
Nuclear envelope is the membrane that covers the nucleus in eukaryotes.
They damage the alveolar-capillary membrane
There are many factors that contribute to the membrane potential of a cell. The driving force of ions which are a summation of voltage gradient and concentration gradient are an important one. Also other proteins and amino acids contribute to the cell's membrane potential.
The membrane is the most exposed part of the cell, it is chemically active and comes into contact with many chemicals. DNA here would be exposed to possible damage. Having the DNA enclosed in the nucleus and nuclear membrane better protects this very important "director" from potential damage.