What does a recombinant DNA have?

Answer 1

Well recombinant DNA are DNA that have DNA parts from other organisms. The DNA from the organisms, at least two, are then combined using modern engineering techniques.

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Answer 2

Recombinant DNA or rDNA is not a natural DNA but is created through the acquisition of DNA sequence and then combining it with another DNA sequence producing a DNA that isn't naturally occurring.

Methods of making rDNA

rDNA is typically made through three methods; transformation, non-bacterial transformation and phage introduction. In transformation, a DNA sequence is selected and inserted to a vector and then it is cut with a restriction enzyme. DNA ligase ligates the DNA inserted in the vector. Selectable markers make it possible to identify the recombinant molecules and then the vector is inserted in the host cell (transformation). Non-bacterial transformation is similar to the above method but it does not include bacteria. Phage introduction is the transfection process and is equivalent to transformation but phage is used instead of bacteria.

How rDNA works

When expression of protein by the host cell starts from the recombinant genes, rDNA begins to work. Unless the addition of expression factors is made, the host will not produce considerable amount of recombinant protein. Protein expression is dependent on the gene being surrounded by a set of signals (promoter, ribosome binding site, terminator and are species specific) providing transcription and translation instructions for the gene by the cell. The expression vectors have these signals.

Importance of rDNA

Recently, rDNA is earning importance in the area of curing genetic diseases and agriculture as the production decreases lately. rDNA can be used to produce insect, heat and drought resistant crops, use for pharmaceuticals that makes recombinant cure and vaccine for genetic diseases like sickle cell anemia, cystic fibrosis. It is now widely used for producing insulin, clotting factors and for therapy such as germ line and somatic gene.

Answer 3

possibly the DNA of several species in it.

Answer 4

Recombinant DNA which carry the foreign gene to express its funtion