The most discernable features on the Sun are sunspots; areas that are a little cooler, and therefore a little darker, than the rest of the Sun around them. We know that sunspots are formed by intense magnetic regions, and that large solar flares and prominences are associated with sunspots.
There's a cycle of increasing and decreasing numbers of sunspots that runs about 11 years in length, although this can vary by a couple of years. Slower cycles seem to be correlated with fewer sunspots, and faster cycles with more sunspots, but scientists don't have a detailed explanation for why the cycle exists, or why it is 11 years (more or less) in length.
We are currently (in 2014) at or near the maximum of the sunspot cycle. You can see the daily view of the Sun and yesterday's sunspot number at the SpaceWeather website, www.spaceweather.com.
Sun spots on. Flares on and above. Solar wind above.
Some features found on the surface of the sun include sunspots, which are temporary darker spots caused by magnetic activity, solar flares, which are sudden brightening events releasing energy, and prominences, which are huge arcs of gas that erupt from the surface. Additionally, the photosphere, chromosphere, and corona are distinct layers of the sun's atmosphere visible from the surface.
photosphere
The loops of gas found on the sun are called solar prominences. They are large, bright features that extend out from the sun's surface into its outer atmosphere, known as the corona, and are typically associated with the sun's magnetic field.
Scientists have discovered many features of the sunâ??s surface. Some of these features include a rigid iron surface, sunspots, prominences, and solar flares.
On the surface of the Sun, or its photosphere, you can find sunspots and granules. Sunspots are cooler, darker areas caused by magnetic activity, while granules are small, bright features resulting from convection currents in the Sun's plasma. Both phenomena contribute to the dynamic and ever-changing appearance of the Sun's surface.
craters
Photosphere- outer (gaseous) layer or surface of sun that we see Faculae- bright areas Sunspots- dark areas
The five surface features of the sun are sunspots, solar flares, prominences, faculae, and granulation. These features are caused by the dynamic processes occurring on the sun's surface due to its magnetic field and internal convective motion.
Mountains and lakes.
sunspots prominence solar flares solar winds
The distance of a planet from the sun does impact the surface of a planet. Planets closer to the sun, like Mercury and Venus, tend to have hotter surfaces, while planets further away, like Mars and the outer planets, have colder surfaces. This difference in temperature can influence the types of surface features found on each planet.