nodes (:
I do not disagree with that answer, but I just want to point out that the nodes have a special name. They are called Nodes of Ranvier, named after the man that discovered them (so Ranvier is capitalized). C:
The nodes of Ranvier are the gaps in the myelin sheath that create non-insulated areas along an axon.
node of ranvier
By myelin sheath.
This is a process that occurs in the CNS and PNS with axons. In the CNS oligodendrocytes surround the axons and in PNS schwann cells surround the axons. the myelin sheath will increase the speed of nervous conduction along the axon.
Node of Ranvier
Neurons send their impulses up and down the spinal cord. The myelin sheath is the coating around the spinal cord that protects it, and works to better conduct the signals along the cord. A neuron that has no myelin sheath will have a harder time conducting signals than one that is covered by the sheath.
CNS: oligodendrocytes make the myelin, they cooperate in the formation of a myelin sheath along the axon, this is the process of myelination. Each oligodendrocyte produces segments of several axons.PNS: schwann cells make the myelin, each schwann cell can myelinate one segment of a single axon and they work together ot form the myelin sheath.
insulating sheath that speeds up the transmission of impulses along an axon
Myelin sheath is the "cover" if you like of nerves. It's structure is important in helping pass the nerve impulses along it's axon, from the body, to the terminal buttons. Long story short, a degeneration of the Myelin sheath leads to interrupted, or non existent impulses, and causes a very well known disease, called MS (multiple sclerosis)
Because the sheath is produced by several Schwann cells that arrange themselves end to end along the nerve fiber, each Schwann cell forms only one part of the tiny segment of the sheath.
Myelin sheath is the insulation of the CNS (central nervous system). Its helps electrical signals move along nerves. Basically, its synonymous with insulated wire. Again the insulation help the signal move in a smooth and controlled fashion through out the body.
Myelin Sheath is basically fat-containing cells that insulates the neurons from any electric impulses that travel along the nerves and makes sure that the impulses do not jump between close nerves
Myelin is a lipid which surrounds the axon and provides for faster and more complex neural conduction.