Surnames were not in use at that time.
Jesus, all the apostles, and some disciples.
No. All males.
They all faithly remained Jesus disciples after his death.
At the last supper Jesus along with his 12 disciples were present.
The disciples are to baptize the people in the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit.
Jesus' last instruction to his disciples can be found at Matthew 28:19, 20- "Go therefore and make disciples of people of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the holy spirit, teaching them to observe all the things I have commanded you. And, look! I am with you all the days until the conclusion of the system of things."
Yes, we are all disciples of ZChrist
Not all of the disciples believed that Jesus was God during his time on Earth.
Yes, all of the original disciples of Jesus were Jewish.
Jesus sent his disciples out to spread his teachings to all nations.
To go into all the world in his name and make disciples of all nations.
No. These are Jesus last instructions to his disciples ( and all believers): Mat 28:19 Go therefore and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, Mat 28:20 teaching them to observe all things that I have commanded you; and lo, I am with you always, even to the end of the age." Amen.