To show evolutionary relationships based on traits
limitations of valence bond theory
what are the scope of microbiologu and limitations of microbiology
Some limitations of models are not to change what the model is asking you.
it does not matter :))
By DNA
Derived Characters Synapomorphies
cladograms
No, because they do not identify individuals.
Classification using cladograms is based on evolutionary relationships and shows the specific evolutionary history of organisms through branching patterns. In contrast, Linnaean classification is based on shared physical characteristics and groupings of organisms into hierarchical categories such as kingdom, phylum, class, etc. Cladograms provide a more detailed and accurate depiction of relationships among species, while Linnaean classification provides a systematic way to organize and categorize different groups of organisms.
both cladograms and phylogenic trees
Cladograms are created via optimization and minimization. Some of the methods used are molecular versus morphological characteristics, or plesiomorphies and synapomorphies. In depicting these, the furthest ancestor depicted is at the bottom or far left, and divergence splitting the line as it travels up or to the right.
To show evolutionary relationships based on traits
cladogram is a diagram used in cladistics which shows ancestral relations between organisms, to represent the evolutionary tree of life. Although traditionally such cladograms were generated largely on the basis of morphological characters, DNA and RNA sequencing data and computational phylogenetics are now very commonly used in the generation of cladograms
No limitations
You start with the bottom up ones , trace until you find the node where the line branches out , this means you have found two organisms that share a recent common ancestor
what are the limitations to a barometer