Nitrogen and Oxygen
Nitrogen and Oxygen
Nitrogen (which makes up about 78% of the atmosphere) and Oxygen (about 21%)
The heating of the lower layer of the atmosphere from radiation absorbed by certain heat-absorbing gases is called the greenhouse effect. Water vapor and carbon dioxide are the two most important heat absorbing gases in the lower atmosphere.
The layer of the atmosphere where gases do not maintain a uniform composition is the heterosphere. In the heterosphere, gases tend to separate into layers based on their molecular weights, with lighter gases being found at higher altitudes and heavier gases at lower altitudes.
The process you are describing is called the greenhouse effect. It involves certain heat-absorbing gases in the atmosphere trapping heat from the sun, leading to an increase in temperature in the lower layer of the atmosphere.
Water Vapor and Carbon Dioxide
The lower 80 kilometers of the atmosphere where gases are found in uniform proportions is known as the homosphere. This region extends from the Earth's surface up to approximately 80 kilometers in altitude and includes the troposphere and the lower portion of the stratosphere. In the homosphere, gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, and other trace gases are well mixed due to the action of atmospheric circulation.
Earth's lower atmosphere is kept warm by the greenhouse effect, where certain gases trap heat from the sun and prevent it from escaping back into space. These greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and water vapor, help regulate Earth's temperature and make it suitable for supporting life.
The heating of the lower layer of the atmosphere from radiation absorbed by certain heat-absorbing gases is called the greenhouse effect. This effect traps heat in the Earth's atmosphere, leading to global warming and climate change.
The sun's rays are scattered by gases in the atmosphere. They also refract through water droplets in the lower atmosphere to create rainbows.
Oxygen and nitrogen were two dominant gases in Earth's second atmosphere. Oxygen levels were much lower than they are today, while nitrogen constituted a significant portion of the atmosphere even then.
The storage of heat in the lower layer of the atmosphere due to certain heat-absorbing gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, is known as the greenhouse effect. These gases trap heat from the sun, leading to an increase in global temperatures and changes in climate patterns.