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Materials used in a building can generally be sub-divided into 2 broad categories: materials that transfer the weight of people, equipment, and the building itself to the ground (load-bearing material) and material that is used to "finish" out a space.

Examples of load bearing elements are columns, beams, and foundations. Examples of non-load bearing elements include items such as carpet, furniture, paint, suspended ceilings, and cabinets.

Load bearing materials must be extremely strong and thus are fairly limited to materials such as steel, concrete, wood, and masonry.

Non load bearing materials can be made out of anything - as long as it is not toxic or dangerous in some other way. It is important to know, however, that buildings can catch on fire. In the event a fire occurs, the materials in a building should not be combustible to further spread the fire, or emit harmful toxic smoke into the air.

Building Codes dictate these parameters based on variables such as the use of the building, the size of the building, and whether or not the building has an approved sprinkler system inside of it.

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