What are the organs that food passes through as it goes through the digestive system?

Answer 1

The organ system that includes the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) and its accessory organs. The digestive system processes food into molecules that can be absorbed and utilized by the cells of the body. Food is broken down, bit by bit, until the molecules are small enough to be absorbed and the waste products are eliminated. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract, also called the digestive tract, alimentary canal, or gut, consists of a long continuous tube that extends from the mouth to the anus. It includes the following regions:

• mouth
• pharynx
• esophagus
• stomach
• small intestine
• large intestine
• rectum
• anus

The tongue and teeth are accessory structures located in the mouth. The salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas are major accessory organs that have a role in digestion. These organs secrete fluids into the GI tract.

Food undergoes three types of processes in the body:

• digestion
• absorption
• elimination

Digestion and absorption occur in the GI tract. After the nutrients are absorbed, they are available to all cells in the body and are utilized by the body cells in metabolism.

Anatomy of the digestive system

The MOUTH contains the tongue which is covered with tiny projecting papillae through which are conveyed sensations of taste and touch; the teeth, 32 in number of which 8 are called incisors, 4 canines, 8 premolars, and 12 molars; and the salivary glands, which secrete saliva.

The process of digestion starts in the mouth. Food is masticated (chewed) by the teeth, moistened by the saliva, which contains important chemical substances for changing it, and rolled by the tongue. It is hen pushed backward by the tongue into

The PHARYNX, a funnel-shaped opening which is the continuation of the mouth. The food then passes down

The ESOPHAGUS, or gullet. This is a very elastic, muscular tube about eight to ten inches long. The food is forced onward by the involuntary contractions of the muscles in the esophagus. It passes from the esophagus into the stomach.

The CARDIAC OPENING or ORIFICE relaxes to allow the food to pass through, and then closes again.

The STOMACH can hold about a liter. It is made up of layers of muscular fibers which contract and churn the food, breaking it up still further. The inner layer of the stomach contains numerous glands. These secrete gastric juice, which carries on the process of digestion begun in the mouth by the saliva. About half-an-hour after food has been eaten, the stomach begins to discharge its contents, now reduced to a thin, gruel-like liquid (chyme) through

The PYLORUS, the exit of the stomach, consisting of a band of muscular fibers which relaxes from time to time to allow food to pass into the

The SMALL INTESTINE, the first part of the intestinal tube through which food passes on leaving the stomach. It is about 20 to 22 feet (6.1 to 6.7 meters) long and about 1½ to 2 inches (3.8 to 5.1 cm) in diameter at first, narrowing slightly toward its lower end. It is made up of three parts: the upper part, known as the duodenum, is about 11 inches (28 cm) long, and receives the juices of the two most important glands of the digestive system, the liver and the pancreas. These convert the food still further so that it is in a state in which it can be absorbed by the body. The middle part of the small intestine is known as the jejunum (for the Latin for "empty" because food is seldom found in it after death). It is about 8 to 9 feet (2.4 to 2.7 meters) long. After passing through this the food goes on to the longest and most coiled or twisted part of the intestine, known as the ileum, about 12 feet (3.7 meters) long. Its wall is covered by about 5 million tiny projections resembling hairs called villi. These absorb the nourishment from the food.

The LIVER is the largest gland of the human body, with a weight of about 3 to 3½ lb (1.4 to 1.6 kg). It secretes bile, a greenish, bitter juice which breaks up the fatty part of the food into tiny drops. Bile from the liver is collected in the gall-bladder from which it flows into the intestine.

The PANCREAS is a small gland which secretes pancreatic juice. This plays an important part in the chemical change of food. The food then passes to

The LARGE INTESTINE which is about 5 to 6 feet (1.5 to 1.8 meters) long, and which consists of the cecum, the colon, and the rectum. In the colon most of the water is absorbed from the food residues. The semisolid feces which remain pass through the rectum and out of the body.

Answer 2

Food passes from the mouth, to the esophagus, into the stomach, then into duodenum of the small intestines, through the small bowel, into the large intestines. Compacted waste passes from the colon into the rectum. From there is is pushed out through the anus.

Answer 3

enzymes make chemical digestion possible.

enzymes are used in other chemical reactions, including blood clotting

Answer 4

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine (colon) rectum.

Answer 5

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