What are the parts of the kidney?

Answer 1

The outer, reddish region, next to the capsule, is the renal cortex. This surrounds a darker reddish-brown region called the renal medulla. The renal medulla consists of a series of renal pyramids, which appear striated because they contain straight tubular structures and blood vessels. The wide bases of the pyramids are adjacent to the cortex and the pointed ends, called renal papillae, are directed toward the center of the kidney. Portions of the renal cortex extend into the spaces between adjacent pyramids to form renal columns. The cortex and medulla make up the parenchyma, or functional tissue, of the kidney. The central region of the kidney contains the renal pelvis, which is located in the renal sinus and is continuous with the ureter. The renal pelvis is a large cavity that collects the urine as it is produced. The periphery of the renal pelvis is interrupted by cuplike projections called calyces. A minor calyx surrounds the renal papillae of each pyramid and collects urine from that pyramid. Several minor calyces converge to form a major calyx. From the major calyces the urine flows into the renal pelvis and from there into the ureter.

Each kidney contains over a million functional units, called nephrons, in the parenchyma (cortex and medulla). The nephrons make up the bulk of the kidney tissue and join up with larger collecting tubes that eventually form the main urine-carrying duct - the ureter Each kidney has an indentation, called the hilum, on the medial side. The hilum leads to a large cavity, called the renal sinus, within the kidney. The ureter and renal vein leave the kidney, and the renal artery enters the kidney at the hilum.

Malphigian body can be further divided into glomerulus and bowman's capsule,whereas renal tubules can be divided into proximal convoluted tubule, loop of henle, distal convoluted tubule and collecting tubule.

Answer 2

It depends on what parts. Some parts are what you can see with your eyes and others you will need a microscope. Here are a few that you can see without using a microscope:

The cortex (outside part) and medulla (middle part).
Renal pyramids comprise much of the medullary tissue.
Renal columns are where cortical tissue dips into the medulla between the pyramids
Calyx, a cuplike structure at each renal papilla to collect urine and then join together to form the renal pelvis.
Renal pelvis narrows as it exits kidney to become ureter.

Renal artery which is a large branch of abdominal aorta and brings blood into each kidney.
Interlobular arteries found between the pyramids of the medulla and the renal artery branches.
Juxtaglomerular apparatus is located where afferent arteriole brushes past distal tubule.
Lastly, the ureter, a tube running from each kidney to urinary bladder.