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carbon is the only material when friction with any material doesn't produce scratches on commutator and avoid to produce spark.
The heat is produced by the formation of chemical bonds between carbon and oxygen, and between hydrogen and oxygen. So CO2 and water are the necessary products when fossil fuel is burned, without which there would be no heat.
low shear strength
What does Kinetic energy of carbon dioxide molecules change as the carbon dioxide is heated? Temperature measures the average Kinetic energy of the molecules of a substance. Kinetic energy = ½ * mass * velocity^2 As temperature doubles, the kinetic energy doubles, and the velocity of the molecules quadruples. Or course, temperature must be measured in Kelvin or Rankine degrees. These temperature scales have their 0 at absolute 0.
The chemical energy was stored in the fossil fuel millions of years ago when the Sun's energy was used in photosynthesis to separate carbon and oxygen atoms from atmospheric carbon dioxide. The carbon was used by the plants to form tissues while the oxygen was released into the air. It's this energy that is released by the formation of carbon-oxygen atomic bonds as carbon dioxide is generated when the fuel is burned.
The car converts chemical energy to mechanical energy in the engine, by combining carbon in the fuel with oxygen from the air to create carbon dioxide that goes out of the exhaust (hydrogen in the fuel is also combined with oxygen to create water vapour). The heat generated by these chemical processes drives the piston, the crankshaft and the car. The mechanical energy is transferred into kinetic energy as the car moves forward, and into potential energy if the car climbs a hill. When the time comes to stop, the kinetic energy of the car is converted into heat by friction in the brakes.
carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide
Donald Roger Breckenridge has written: 'A Study of the Capture Coefficients of Nitrogen and Carbon Dioxide'
Diamond-like Carbon has a coefficient of friction of as low as 0.05 on polished steel.
the difference between carbon and carbon dioxide is carbon is just carbon
carbon because it has a greater mass.
carbon is the only material when friction with any material doesn't produce scratches on commutator and avoid to produce spark.
The chemical formula (CO) tells you - one atom of Carbon (C) and one atom of Oxygen (O) = 2 atoms.
The heat is produced by the formation of chemical bonds between carbon and oxygen, and between hydrogen and oxygen. So CO2 and water are the necessary products when fossil fuel is burned, without which there would be no heat.
The brushes are made up of carbon because it has low friction as compare to other materials and cheaply also, but carbon has high resistance due to which output can vary. So we mix carbon with copper metal to reduce resistance. Note that we cannot use copper only for brushes because it creates more friction with commutator.
low shear strength
Some materials have negative temperature coefficients of resistance, and some have positive temperature coefficients. Carbon is an example of a substance with a negative thermal coefficient of resistance, so it's resistance will decrease as it gets hotter.