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Apartheid was finally abolished by a combination of external and internal pressure. External pressure was brought to bear initially with sporting and cultural boycotts, followed by arms and economic sanctions and boycotts, putting the South African economy under severe pressure. Internally the armed wing of the ANC used violence and terror tactics to sabotage infrastructure and strategic points, while the ANC itself focused the critical attention of the world on the plight of the majority, calling for disinvestment and further isolation until the then President unbanned the ANC as a political organization and freed political prisoners including ANC leader Nelson Mandela who became the first democratically elected State President in 1994.

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Q: What are the steps by which apartheid was abolished in south Africa?
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