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Generating electricity from a dam ,also known as hydroelectric energy, is one of the best ways to provide for renewable energy. The dam stores water in a reservoir thus water the water gains gravitational potential energy then by allowing the water to flow down the stored gravitational potential energy is transferred into kinetic energy. The flow of water causes turbines ,inside the dam, to rotate transforming the kinetic energy of water into electric energy.There are of course some losses such as work done against friction and energy lost in generators (check lenz's law). So it's basically from gravitational potential to kinetic to electric.

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