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The body's three lines of defense against a pathogen (germ) are:

1. Anatomical and physiological barriers-Includes skin, hair, mucous membranes, saliva, tears, stomach acid, pH, temperature.

2. Non-specific response-Includes phagocytosis of pathogen, inflammation of tissues, vasodilation (increased blood flow to area), and swelling.

3. Specific response-antibody production and cell mediated immunity to particular pathogen. Maintained indefinitely.

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Cielo Kilback

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3y ago

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