When the Physical layer encodes the bits into the signals for a particular medium, it must also distinguish where one frame ends and the next frame begins. Otherwise, the devices on the media would not recognize when a frame has been fully received.
A router must implement the Physical layer, the Link layer, and the Network layer
-The geographic scope of the network -The physical layer implementation -The number of hosts to be interconnected
Its Three. Which are: Physical, Data Link and Network Layers
the geographic scope of the network the physical layer implementation the number of hosts to be interconnected
Router works in Network Layer of OSI model
insulates network layer protocols from changes in physical equipment makes the connection with the upper layers identifies the source and destination identifies the network layer protocol
identifies the network layer protocol makes the connection with the upper layers insulates network layer protocols from changes in physical equipment
which layer of the hierarchical three-layer design model combines traffic from multiples IDFs? core layer
Definition of Hardware Specifications: The details of operation of cables, connectors, wireless radio transceivers, network interface cards and other hardware devices are generally a function of the physical layer (although also partially the data link layer; see below).Encoding and Signaling: The physical layer is responsible for various encoding and signaling functions that transform the data from bits that reside within a computer or other device into signals that can be sent over the network.Data Transmission and Reception: After encoding the data appropriately, the physical layer actually transmits the data, and of course, receives it. Note that this applies equally to wired and wireless networks, even if there is no tangible cable in a wireless network!Topology and Physical Network Design: The physical layer is also considered the domain of many hardware-related network design issues, such as LAN and WAN topology.
- They are 48 binary bits in length. - They are generally represented in hexadecimal format - They are considered physical addresses
The outer layer-the ectoderm The middle layer-the mesoderm The inner layer-the endoderm
layer 1 deal with physical connectivity of network device.Most common problems related to Layer 1 as follow: -device power off -device power unplugged -loose network cable connection -incorrect cable type -faulty network cable