Elliptical, Irregular, and Spiral
Three galaxies would be the Milky Way, Andromeda, and Comet Galaxy.
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To the best knowledge, there are an infinite number of galaxies, which means they don't have names!
spiral galaxies (ours), irregular galaxies, and elliptical galaxies.
Yes. See related question.
Galaxies can be classified into three main sizes: dwarf galaxies, which are small and contain less than a few billion stars; Milky Way-sized galaxies, which are intermediate in size and contain a few hundred billion stars; and giant galaxies, which are massive and can contain trillions of stars.
M87 is one of the most prominent galaxies followed by the elliptical galaxy Messier 49.
That is a difficult question to fully answer as types of galaxies are not fully defined. A ball park figure would be dwarf galaxies, or spiral galaxies depending on the area in question. See related question for a full breakdown.
There are three main types of galaxies: spiral galaxies (like the Milky Way), elliptical galaxies (oval or spherical in shape), and irregular galaxies (lacking a distinct shape). These classifications are based on the galaxies' shapes and structures.
galaxie 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
The three different types of galaxies are the Spiral galaxy, the Elliptical galaxy, and the Irregular galaxy. Spiral galaxies are obviously in the shape of a spiral, elliptical galaxies are shaped as an ellipse, or a flat circle, and irregular galaxies can be any shape.
There aren't really any other names for a galaxy that I can think of, but there are galaxy classifications, such as spiral galaxies (that can rotate either clockwise or counter-clockwise), elliptical galaxies, and irregular galaxies.