Arrector pili.
Piloerector muscles
Arrector pili
The muscles are called arrector pili and they pull the hair upright for both of those reasons and a few others.. let me know if you want to know more :)
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No they are formed when you strain during a bowel movement and weaken your bowel muscles.
When you're cold your muscles become tighter. So if you expose your body to these cold temperatures (like going outside) for long periods of time, your muscles become tight and after a while they're like, woa, too much, and start cramping.
Yes it loosens up muscles and prevents them from tearing. Cold, stiff muscles tear much easier.
A cold compress is good for swollen tissues. For tired muscles the best thing is heat or massage.
Yes, the arrector pili muscles contribute to maintaining skin tone. These small muscles are attached to hair follicles and contract in response to various stimuli, causing the hair to stand on end and the skin to form "goosebumps." This contraction helps to firm the skin and provide support.
what effect the muscles are the cold water
When you are cold, your muscles contract (become tighter) quickly to warm you up. This is called shivering. Your teeth chatter as your muscles in your jaw move. [Just to clarify: MY teeth do not chatter when YOU are cold]
during cellular respiration sugar breaks down forming heat