The trenches were called saps and the people who dug them were called sappers.
To prtect the army from getting shot
Maori were the more successful due to our intellect and engineering abilities. Ruapekapeka had trenches and palisades, as well as a network of underground connecting tunnels, caves and shelters built within the pa (village). The combination of these design innovations made it one of the effective against assault by Europeans with their muskets and heavy artillery.
they built trenches for procetion and they used it as a base.
by digging trenches and connecting the rivers
The Auckland museum was built to store Maori Artifacts and was built over 150 years ago
Battlefield movement was restricted because of the introduction of the machine gun. Improvements in the accuracy of firearms greatly increased casualties and rendered the Napoleonic tactics of massed ranks of troops firing at each other in the open field obsolete. Defencive positions began to be used to protect infantry and reduce casualties. The trench was effective cover and could be created by the men when there were no materials with which to build other defences. The effectiveness of the trench was discovered during the British army's war against the Maori in New Zealand in the 1860's. The Maori built extremely complex trench systems which nullified the British advantage in numbers and weaponry. at the same time the accuracy of the minie ball and rifled musket introduced into the American Civil War by the North spelt the end of Napoleonic tactics especially after the battle of Gettysburg. The trench became obsolete during World War I with the introduction of the tank.
Awapuni
Trench warfare dates back hundreds of years. It was an effective method of attacking a fortress. During the early age of artillery, the attacking forces tried to move their artillery close to a fort in order to breach the walls. The trenches were just a way to get closer without exposing the cannoneers to fire from the walls of the fort. The earliest trenches were built in the zig-zag pattern in order to make it harder to fire into the trenches from the side. This was seen in the World War I trenches. Trench warfare became a frequent military tactic for defending territory between the US Civil War (1861-1865) and the first World War (1914).
Trench warfare used several different types of trenches. Firing trenches were used by soldiers to protect themselves while firing their weapons at their enemy. Cover trenches were often built next to the firing trenches as a second line of defense in case the enemy captured the firing trench. Support trenches were used as rest areas for off-duty troops, who sometimes lived in dugouts excavated in the sides of the trench. A network of reserve and communications trenches was used to bring supplies and fresh troops to the front.
Because they were fighting a war!!!
Thessaloniki, or Salonika.
Front-line trenches were not dug in straight lines. Otherwise, if the enemy had a successive offensive, and got into your trenches, they could shoot straight along the line. The French tended to build zig-zag trenches. However, the British Army preferred a system where each trench was dug with alternate fire-bays and traverses. Whereas fire-bays were straight sections of trenches, traverses were built at angles. This limited the effect of enfilade fire or shell-burst