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I am not so sure what are you reffering too: the respiratory system or the trachea alone. But for respiratory system there are two functional parts (1) a conducting system to bring the air in, including the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and bronchioles; and (2) the respiratory portion, the site of gas exchange, including the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar saccules, and alveoli.

Trachea: The trachea connects the larynx and bronchi. It is lined with a mucus membrane with respiratory epithelium and a lamina propria, and a submucosa containing horseshoe shape hyaline cartilages and numerous mucus and mixed glands (Trachea 1). The gap between the ends of the cartilages is bridged by fibroelastic connective tissue and smooth muscle (Trachea 2). To increase expandability, the respiratory epithelium is underlaid with a lamina propria containing a distinct elastic lamina (Trachea 3). The trachea is surrounded by an adventitia which is a connective tissue layer shared with the esophagus (Trachea 4). Hope that answers your questions.

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12y ago

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