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Outside of the CPU and the memory, the two main chips on the motherboard are the Northbridge and the Southbridge. Traditionally, the Northbridge contained the AGP controller, the memory controller, and the bus to the CPU. It is also connected to the Southbridge which is connected to the peripheral bus, the BIOS, the front panel, the keyboard, sound, and the hard drive controller. So functionally speaking, the Northbridge is closest to the CPU and the memory, and the Southbridge is closest to the user.

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