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Because each mineral will have properties that when considered together will uniquely identify it. For example, I have two crystals, both are very hard, optically transparent, chemically resistant to acid and alkali, mechanically inelastic, brittle, electrical insulators, non-magnetic etc etc etc. One is green and the other is clear. One of them might be olivine and the other might be quartz due to their color alone. Other properties, if measured, could make me more certain, but I have a good guess already. The more properties you measure,the more possibilities you can eliminate until you have only one possibility to consider. The green one might be an emerald and the clear one could be a diamond. What property do I still have to measure? Try refractive index? That would clinch it.

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βˆ™ 12y ago
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βˆ™ 14y ago

Hardness, streak, and specific gravity.

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βˆ™ 11y ago

x-rays

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Q: What are three characteristics used to identify minerals?
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