NADP and NADPH
Photosynthesis
uniaxial rotation
green chlorophyll pigmentscarbon dioxidewater
Carbon Dioxide and Water
Active transport is the process that involves the use of specific carrier molecules to move substances across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient. These carrier molecules enable the movement of molecules or ions into or out of the cell by binding to the specific substance and undergoing a conformational change.
Photosynthesis & Chemosynthesis
There are two types. Those are H2O and CO2 gas.
Photosynthesis
Essentially, photosynthesis takes 12 simple molecules and organizes them into a more complex molecule (glucose) and six oxygen molecules. There are two processes mentioned that indicates entropy is negative (decreasing): simple molecules are organized in to complex molecules and the overall number of molecules decreases.
The two energy carrier molecules used are NADH and FADH2. These molecules are produced during the citric acid cycle and deliver electrons to the electron transport chain, where they drive the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
The two molecules that fuel dark reactions in photosynthesis are ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate). These molecules provide the energy and reducing power needed for the Calvin cycle to convert carbon dioxide into carbohydrates.
NADP transfers electrons by accepting them from other molecules in redox reactions, taking on two electrons and a proton to form NADPH. This process typically occurs in metabolic pathways such as photosynthesis and cellular respiration, where NADP acts as an electron carrier to facilitate energy production.