1. Low overhead
2. Connectionless
3. Unreliable Transport Service
flow control low overhead connectionless connection-oriented sequence and acknowledgements
The most common two are TCP (transmission control protocol) and UDP (user datagram protocol)
• low overhead• connectionless
There are actually more than two protocols associated with Layer 4. According to Wikipedia, there are Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP), Stream Control Transport Protocol (SCTP), Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP), and Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet Exchange (IPX/SPX).
A protocol is a set of rules for describing how to successfully exchange information between two systems.
The two main protocols associated with Layer 4 of the OSI model, which is the Transport layer, are Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP). TCP provides reliable, connection-oriented communication with error correction, while UDP offers a connectionless, faster method for data transmission without guaranteed delivery. These protocols are essential for managing data flow between devices in a network.
hypertext transport protocol and web browser software
TCP and UDP Correct: UDP (User Data-gram Protocol) is a communications protocol that offers a limited amount of service when messages are exchanged between computers in a network that uses the Internet Protocol. UDP provides two services not provided by the IP layer. It provides port numbers to help distinguish different user requests and, optionally, a checksum capability to verify that the data arrived intact. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is a set of rules (protocol) used along with the Internet Protocol (IP) to send data in the form of message units between computers over the Internet. While IP takes care of handling the actual delivery of the data, TCP takes care of keeping track of the individual units of data (called packets) that a message is divided into for efficient routing through the Internet. (TCP/IP) is the know definition by most.
In a datagram network, the destination addresses are unique. They cannot be duplicated in the routing table.
A datagram or packet needs to be self-contained without reliance on earlier exchanges because there is no connection of fixed duration between the two communicating points as there is, for example, in most voice telephone conversations.
Forwarding and Routing.
The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is one of the core protocols of the Internet Protocol Suite. TCP is one of the two original components of the suite, complementing the Internet Protocol (IP), and therefore the entire suite is commonly referred to as TCP/IP. TCP provides reliable, ordered delivery of a stream of bytes from a program on one computer to another program on another computer. TCP is the protocol that major Internet applications such as the World Wide Web, email, remote administration and file transfer rely on. Other applications, which do not require reliable data stream service, may use the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), which provides a datagram service that emphasizes reduced latency over reliability.So it provide: reliable, ordered delivery of a stream of bytes from a program on one computer to another program on another computer