What article does the Executive Branch hold over the Judicial Branch?

Answer 1

The three branches of U.S. federal government are co-equal, with obligations to one another, rights and responsibilities as set forth in the U.S. Constitution. No one Article of the United States Constitution elevates one branch over another.

In general, the executive branch is charged by the Constitution with faithfully executing the laws enacted by the Congress. The executive, headed by the Presidency of the United States, has the power to give its assent or its veto according to the provisions set forth in the U.S. Constitution to laws enacted by the Congress according to Constitutional provision, which include a process whereby a Presidential veto may be overridden and legislation enacted notwithstanding. The President's ability to sign or veto legislation attaches through a process described in the Constitution that is called presentment. The judicial branch can utilize the provisions set forth in Article III and Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. 137 (1803); typically, in the American system it is the judicial branch that functions to limit executive power, and not vice versa.

President Roosevelt has been widely viewed by historians to have successfully ensured that legislative acts implementing the New Deal remained constitutional by threatening to work with the Congress to expand the size of the Court from nine to fifteen Justices.