This branch is termed forensic science.
Chemistry is the branch of science that deals with the study of matter, its properties, composition, and interactions.
Earth Science
the science which deals with heredity is called genetics
The branch of science that deals with human memory is neuroscience. Also there is psychology which also deals with memory.
this is the branch of science which deals with the study of enveroment.
botany
genetics
There is no particular branch which deals with extinction, but it would fall under zoology,
Botany is the branch of science that deals with the study of plants, including their structure, growth, reproduction, metabolism, and classification.
The branch of science that involves the study of caves is speleology.
Materials Science
The branch of science that deals with molecules changing into other molecules is chemistry.