Simply common ancestry in the organisms possessing the homologous structures. Compare your arm to your dog or cats forelegs and see common ancestry as they match, bone for bone.
The four methods that scientists use to study homologies include using HSPs in Viterbi algorithm, bi-directional Viterbi algorithm, biased hidden Markov models and using HSPs to position target regions. They also use Data sets which include Training data set of human genes and Validation and testing data sets of homologous genes.
Evolution is a process, theories of evolution are theories which explain that process
It is called "evolution".
Spontaneous evolution is evolution that is not moderated by intentional beings and actions. Most evolution, in other words. Usually we call non-spontaneous evolution (ie. evolution that *is* moderated by intent): breeding.
it is the "action" in evolution
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Genetics allows us to chemically study the evolutionary history of organisms in a way that cannot be disputed. You cannot argue against basic chemical signiture homologies.
anatomical homologies
you can always check wikipedia
Alakane and Alkene
Because of the morphological homologies they display with similar structures in other extant and extinct lifeforms, following, like virtually every other morphological or anatomical feature of life, the nested hierarchies of biology.
Main points of Lamarck's theory are the following . 1 Changing environment produced need for new organs . 2 there is an increase in size of organs and organisms . 3 use and dis use of organisms . Inheritance of acquired characters .
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Homologies have similar characteristics due to being related. You are able to see homologies by comparing the anatomies of different living things, look at the cellular similarities and differences, look at the embryological development and compare and look at vestigial strutures. Even though leaves of plants look different and have different shapes and functions, they are homologous because they share a common ancestor.
The definition of developmental homologies is something that can be viewed in the fossils of certain animals that point to and evolutionary change in their current incarnations. For example snake fossils when compared to current snake skeletons show that the ancient relatives of snakes actually had feet and over time they feet pulled closer into their body eventually developing into the snakes of current times.