No resistance to their flow.
A superconductor shows almost zero resistance to the flow of electric current, which is another name for a flow of electrons. So a very thin superconducting wire can carry enormous amperages which would cause a normal, non-superconducting, wire to vaporize just like fuze wire!
However, to make a wire become superconducting requires the use of powerful refrigeration systems that use huge amounts of energy, to cool the wire down to temperatures close to absolute zero which is 0 Kelvin or about -273oC. (The actual temperature required to achieve superconduction depends very much on the materials used to make the wire.)
So, when engineers have to decide if it makes sense to use a superconductor when designing a particular system, the costs of the refrigeration system and the on-going energy necessary to produce superconduction must always be taken into account.
Any electrons flowing through a superconductor will show up as a regular electric current.
Yes, a superconductor has zero resistance.
Not as many free moving electrons
valance electron and free electron
a superconductor is a conductor that is at absolute 0 in temperature allowing free flow of electrons without slowing them down because of no resistance any conductor in theory can become a superconductor but has to be brought down to a very low temperature typically 0 kelvins
A semiconductor only allows some electrons to flow across its junction. It has some resistance, in fact more resistance than a conductor but less than an insulator. A superconductor has no resistance.
Water is not a superconductor.
True
American Superconductor was created in 1987.
No. Salt water is a conductor but not a superconductor.
Low temperature. A superconductor doesn't 'perform' at all, and isn't even a superconductor, above its critical temperature.
A superconductor superconducts ONLY at extremely low temperature.