I think you would have to go before a judge and state your case why you should be dismissed. I was asked to be on my local grand jury and had an interview with a judge before hand and I know you sign on for 2 years to be on the jury. I don't think they will let you off with a flimsy excuse.
(in the US) There is no such Grand Jury that possesses those pwers.
they either find cause to send you to trial or notAdded: You (as the potential defendant), do NOT ever appear before a criminal Grand Jury. The prosecutor presents the state's case in support of the probable cause why you should be charged and brought to trial. You do not get the opportunity to present your side of the case at this point in the legal process.
I don't believe the questioner understands the grand jury system. "You" never appear at a grand jury hearing - only the prosecutor who presents the facts of the case against you. If the grand jury finds probable cause that you committed the crime they will indict you. On the other hand - if they do not find that probable cause exists, they will "no bill" you and the charges will be dropped.
Yes, there was testimony from some during both grand jury and trial proceedings. Arnold Rothstein, believed to have supplied the money to the players, testified before a grand jury but was not charged with any crime. Joseph Sullivan, believed to have been Rothstein's contact with the players, did not testify before a grand jury but was charged with conspiracy to defraud. Rothstein paid Sullivan to leave the country so he could not testify before the grand jury. Abe Attell, one of Rothstein's bodyguards and a gambler who knew of the fix and started his own relationship with the players without Rothstein's backing, did not testify before a grand jury but was charged with conspiracy to defraud. He was also paid by Rothstein to leave the country prior to testifying before the grand jury. With Sullivan and Attell out of the country and beyond the grand jury's reach, Rothstein felt comfortable to testify and deny all knowledge of the fix as there was no one else to testify that could dispute his claim. Bill Burns, Attell's contact with the players, was granted immunity and agreed to testify against the players after the grand jury passed down the indictments. Burns made no money off the fix. Billy Maharg, Burns' associate, also testified in the trial proceedings for the prosecution and was granted immunity. No one was convicted of any wrongdoing in the case.
A true bill.
An indictment is only used in criminal law. It is a formal accusation against a person or persons for having committed a crime. The prosecutor presents his case before a Grand Jury, which can then return a True Bill or No Bill. A True Bill means the Grand Jury agrees the prosecutor has presented a reasonable case and it should go to trial or plea bargain. A No Bill means the Grand Jury does not see / hear enough of a case to recommend it go forward.
Don't worry too much about it. Neither YOU, or your attorney, ever appear at a Grand Jury presentment. Only the Prosecutor (and occasionally the invesitgating officer) appear and establish to the grand jury that there was enough probable cause to arrest you. If the Grand jury agrees, they will hand down your indictment charging you with the crime.
If the amount in question is over $20, the person has a right to a grand jury in any state of the US. However, they can waive that right and go straight to a judge. Note: This might not apply if there is a war at hand, because a military court does not need to use a grand jury.
Grand Jury
Some states still use the Grand Jury system to indict the accused. This is a necessary step in the criminal tral process in their states. Other states (most?) now accomplish the same thing by holding a Preliminary Hearing.
No it is usually a step to determine if the evidence is strong enough to charge and go to trial.