Studies have been done which showed that when bones are relieved of the burden of bearing weight, bone precursor cells fail to respond to insulin-like growth factor one or IGF-I, a biochemical regulator that plays a key role in the proliferation of most cell types.
While in weightlessness, your bone density and muscle mass decrease as you don't use them. So, by doing several hours of exercise a day, you are using the muscles and bones, therefore, the bone density and muscle mass do not decrease as much as they would if they didn't exercise.
osteoblasts secrete matrix; bone deposition
Bone mass typically starts to decrease around the age of 30. Factors such as hormonal changes, lack of physical activity, and inadequate nutritional intake can accelerate this loss, leading to conditions like osteoporosis. Regular weight-bearing exercise, a diet high in calcium and vitamin D, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can help slow down the decrease in bone mass.
There is no opposite of dark energy in the sense that there exists something that is the exact opposite of dark energy. Dark energy speeds the rate of expansion of space, even empty space, and gravity, mass, or matter causes the opposite in that it causes a decrease in the rate of expansion of space in areas that have matter.
No, but it will take up slightly less space after melting.
When the boosters are separated from the space vehicle, the mass of the vehicle will decrease because it is losing the mass of the boosters. This reduction in mass allows the remaining vehicle to accelerate more efficiently and achieve its intended trajectory in space.
Peak bone mass is typically reached in individuals in their late 20s to early 30s. After this age, bone resorption begins to outpace bone formation, leading to a gradual decrease in bone density. Factors such as genetics, nutrition, and lifestyle choices can influence the timing of peak bone mass attainment. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle can help preserve bone density as one ages.
The mass of an astronaut in space does not change, except for the minor changes that occur due to change in exercise and eating. Mass is mass, and represents the amount of material in an object. His weight, however, does change, because weight is mass times the acceleration due to gravity, and gravity does indeed change.
you increase or decrease mass by taking the mass out
settling that eliminates space causes this
Loss of muscle tone and bone mass, among others.
When mass increases, more force is needed to accelerate the object to the same speed due to its increased inertia. This increase in force required causes the velocity to decrease because there is a limit to how much force can be applied. Essentially, the greater mass resists changes in motion, resulting in a decrease in velocity.