Heat from the Sun.
The energy from the core of the earth causes currents in the molten layers, the way there are currents in the ocean. These currents are what causes the Tectonic Plates to move along the surface of the earth.
Where the air is over a parts of the Earth's Surface that is warm, the air warms. Warm air rises and as it rises it is replaced by cooler air that is sucked in from parts of the Earth's surface which are comparatively cooler. This movement causes a cyclic circulation of the air called win and weather.
The movement of air mass over Earth's surface causes changes in weather patterns, including the formation of high and low pressure systems, wind patterns, and precipitation. These movements can lead to the development of storms, such as hurricanes, tornadoes, and thunderstorms.
Gravity plays a key role in mass movement erosion by pulling rock and soil down slopes. When gravity overcomes the resistance of friction and cohesion holding the material in place, mass movement processes like landslides, rockslides, and mudslides occur. Gravity acts as the driving force that causes the material to move downslope, shaping and reshaping the Earth's surface over time.
The movement of wind over the surface of the ocean causes friction. The wind drags the ocean surface with it, making the pattern called surface-ocean wind-drift currents.
The Earth's crust, known as the lithosphere, is broken into segments known as plates. The movement of the plates over the asthenosphere causes the plates to change position altering Earth's surface.
Water which moves over the earths surface after having precipitated (rain, snow, etc) is known as runoff. Most rivers get the majority of their water from precipitation runoff.
The process that causes the changes in the location of Earth's continents over time is called plate tectonics. It involves the movement of Earth's lithosphere plates on the asthenosphere beneath them. This movement leads to the shifting of continents, known as continental drift, as well as the formation of mountains, earthquakes, and volcanoes.
Roughly 71% of Earth is covered by water and because that is well over half there is more water than land on Earths surface
Movement along a fault can cause earthquakes, which can result in the shifting or displacement of rocks in the Earth's crust. This can lead to the formation of new landforms or changes in the landscape, such as valleys, mountains, or even the creation of tsunamis in coastal areas. Over time, repeated movement along faults can contribute to the overall evolution of the Earth's surface.
The term describing this point is "epicentre"
No, Earth's crust movement has been occurring for billions of years as part of the process of plate tectonics. The movement of the Earth's crust has shaped the planet's surface and continues to do so over long geological timescales.