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Actually none.

The purpose of mitochondria is to release energy from storages in the cell. The mitochondria even has its own set of DNA only passed down by the mother. This mitochondrial DNA is not used to determine your genetic makeup, it merely contains the code for building the various proteins used in the mitochondria itself.

Every cell needs energy to function, so each has mitochondria. In muscle cells there are many, in other cells there are fewer depending on how much energy each cell needs to do its work. So muscle cells depend heavily on mitochondria but they are not the same as mitochondria. Muscle cells take the energy and cause the cell to contract, putting the released energy to work.

The mitochondrial DNA has been used to prove that all human life descended from a single woman "Mitochondrial Eve" not that long ago.

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15y ago

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