Supplies were lost or spoiled. The Russian army kept retreating. The harsh climate.
In its invasion of Russia in 1812, the French Grand Army faced a number of serious challenges. The first was the vast space of the Russian interior. The second was an elusive enemy, which refused to be lured into any decisive defeat and also destroyed crops and facilities while retreating. The third was overconfident leadership. Finally, the harsh winter weather that rapidly descended on the invaders was perhaps the most deadly challenge.
During the Campaign of Russia of 1812.
It was a disaster for the French Army.
Russia! They have a really strong army, not to mention the size.
Army of Napoleon stopped its invasion in Russian Empire with the heavy losses for Napoleon's Army.
During his campaign to invading Russia, started in June 1812, Napoleon's Army fought only one great and decisive battle, that of Borodino, also called the battle of Moscowa, on Aug. 18,1812.
The French Army commanded by Napoleon: Principally that which attacked and was defeated in Russia in 1812.
The French Army was not prepared for the severity of Russian winters.
Italian Army in Russia was created in 1942.
Italian Army in Russia ended in 1943.
As for Tolstoi, Napoleon loose the campaign of Russia the day he enter this vast country with his army. The strategy of Koutousov after Borodino, was not to stop Napoleon to get into Mosco. In this city, the french army was doomed to desintegrate as a disciplined force, especially after the burning of Moscow. Then, Napoleon had no choice but to retreat. Russian winter and the fierce Kossaqs did the rest.
Explain the chief goal and outcome of the congress of Vienna