medulla
medulla
The the lower part of the brain stem - medulla controls the heartbeat and breathing and other non-voluntary functions.
Primarily, the CSN in the brain, the cerebellum, and endocrine glands. The central nervous system distributes several specialized nerves, such as the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves that regulate respiratory function, and heartbeat. Calcium, Potassium and sodium have to be regulated according to the current physiologic status. Pancreas release insulin and digestive enzymes. We could say that the entire organism participates of the vital process regulation.
The medulla is the lower (or caudal) part of the brainstem, which is just above the spinal cord. Within the medulla are the "vital centers" that control respiration, heart rate, and vascular pressures. The medulla also has many other functions as well.
The brain controls automatic unconscious activities such as heartbeat, breathing, digestion, and reflex responses. These functions are regulated by different parts of the brainstem and other structures in the brain that work involuntarily without conscious effort.
The part of the brain that controls breathing, heart rate, and reflexes is the medulla oblongata. Located in the brainstem, it autonomously regulates vital functions such as respiration and cardiovascular activity. Additionally, the medulla processes reflex actions like swallowing, coughing, and sneezing. It works in conjunction with other brain regions to maintain homeostasis in the body.
The subcortex controls essential functions like breathing, heartbeat, and digestion. It also regulates emotions, instincts, and some motor functions, playing a crucial role in survival and basic physiological responses.
The "medulla oblongata", commonly known as simply the "medulla", is the lower half of the brain stem. It controls the cardiac, respiratory systems and other autonomic systems.
You could have stopped with no heartbeat and the answer would have been yes, but then add those other elements and Yeah, even Stevie Wonder can see they're dead.
The medulla oblongata is often referred to as the "automatic pilot" because it controls essential bodily functions like heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing without conscious effort. It serves as the command center for these involuntary actions, allowing us to focus on other activities while our body continues to function properly.
The autonomic nervous system is responsible for regulating heart rate and breathing. Specifically, the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system controls functions like increasing heart rate and dilating airways, while the parasympathetic division controls functions like slowing heart rate and constricting airways. Trembling can be a result of activation of the sympathetic nervous system in response to stress or fear.
The diaphragm, the external intercostal and the interchondral portion of the internal intercostal muscles are the main muscles that control breathing. Other muscles are sometimes used, but only if the person has a breathing disorder or if the body needs energy very quickly.