The US Supreme Court established two related criteria for determining whether a defendant is competent to stand trial in Dusky v. US, 362 US 402 (1960). These guidelines can be summarized as:
In a Per Curiam decision, the Court wrote:
"[The] test must be whether he has sufficient present ability to consult with his lawyer with a reasonable degree of rational understanding - and whether he has a rational as well as factual understanding of the proceedings against him."
This test was upheld as the standard in Godinez v. Moran,509 US 389 (1993)
A person would be considered sane enough to stand trial if they meet three different criteria. They must not have a mental disease or defect, they must understand the difference between right and wrong, and they must have the capacity to understand the criminality of their conduct.
The formal charge comes after a grand jury hears the charges and determines whether or not the person can be indicted for this offense. If they vote in favor of an indictment, that person will stand trial for the crime.
A preliminary hearing simply determines that there is probable cause or reason to believe that a crime has been committed and that you may have committed it so the case can proceed to trial. By waiving the preliminary hearing, you are not admitting guilt, you are only agreeing that there is enough evidence against you for you to stand trial.
Illinois
No, a grand jury does not determine guilt or innocence. Its role is to decide whether there is enough evidence to indict someone and proceed to trial. The trial jury is responsible for determining guilt or innocence based on the evidence presented during the trial.
It is determined if there is not enough suficient evidence or if the planktif asks for a jury and it is approved by the goverment. hope this helps
A trial jury hears the evidence in a trial and deliberates to consider a verdict. A grand jury determines whether there is enough evidence for a criminal trial to proceed.
Amendment 5
Jury
The President
Grand Jury
Since no jury is present during a bench trial, it is solely the judge who decides guilty or not guilty.
The judge in a jury trial is responsible for ensuring that legal procedures are followed, ruling on objections and motions, and providing guidance to the jury on the law. The judge also decides on legal issues, such as admissibility of evidence, and issues jury instructions to guide the jury in reaching a verdict.