All network devices have some component that operates at layer 1. Only hubs and repeaters operate entirely at layer 1.
Repeaters, network cards, hubs and so on.
Hubs and repeaters operate at the Physical Layer of the OSI Model. The Physical Layer is the first layer of the OSI Model.
1. Repeaters (Operate at the OSI Physical Layer).2. Bridges (Operate at the OSI Data Link Layer).3. Routers {and Brouters} (Operate at the OSI Network Layer).
If devices are within the same network then they operate at the second layer.
Hubs are a physical layer (layer 1) device; most switches operate at the Data Link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model.
Gateway
No. Only protocols that users can see on their screen are considered Presentation Layer based. Hubs and repeaters operate on the physical layer, because it doesn't do anything with the data, it simply forwards it.
Gateway network device
Repeaters operate at the physical layer of the OSI model.
It uses data modulation techniques at teh physical layer (layer 1).
at both physical layer 1 and Data Link layer 2
It depends on what kind of model it is, but in the model for computer 321O, it is on the layer between trhe keyboard and the behind screen, and there is a button with the osi code and there says everything.
Router works in Network Layer of OSI model