at both physical layer 1 and Data Link layer 2
it works in layer 2
A Switch is a Layer 2 device as they operate in the data link layer
Access points operate primarily at the Data Link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model, where they facilitate wireless communication between devices on a local area network (LAN). They manage the data frames and handle MAC addressing, allowing devices to connect to the network. Additionally, access points can also interact with the Network layer (Layer 3) for IP addressing and routing functions.
Hubs are a physical layer (layer 1) device; most switches operate at the Data Link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model.
Hubs and repeaters operate at the Physical Layer of the OSI Model. The Physical Layer is the first layer of the OSI Model.
Layer 3
Session Layer - layer 5Transport Layer - layer 4
Router works in Network Layer of OSI model
Network Layer
Layer 2 - Data Link
Layer 5 - Session layer
ODBC and SQL operate at Session Layer.