If anything, it came from 70's 'culture shock', not from any regional British dialect.
Shakespeare wrote in modern English, in the dialect called Early Modern English.
Modern English evolved from Middle English, which itself developed from Old English. This process occurred over centuries through various influences, such as the Norman Conquest and interactions with other languages.
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Chaucer primarily used the Middle English dialect known as Middle English London, which was spoken in the east midlands region of England during his time. This dialect influenced the development of Modern English.
To simplify a complex subject, the East Midland dialect of Old English became the dominant dialect as it replaced the conservative (as in, little influenced by Scandinavians from the north) Kentish dialect of London. The East Midland dialect had lost many of the inflections of Old English, and after the Norman invasion of 1066, gradually evolved (in part due to a further simplification of inflections as Norman French eventually learned English) with additions from Latin (sometimes from Greek) and French (of various dalects).
"Middle English" is a subset of English. Middle English is the type of English spoken in Chaucer's time, as in _The Canterbury Tales_. English is a language as a whole, but over time, the dialect has changed from Old English, the dialect spoken in _Beowulf_, to Middle English, the dialect spoken in Chaucer's time, in _The Canterbury Tales_, to Modern English, the dialect spoken in Shakespeare's time, in _Hamlet_, to today's English, the dialect I'm writing in right now.
Early Modern English started around 1500. For reference, Shakespeare is in Early Modern English; Chaucer is in the London dialect of Middle English.
Sae is the the Old English ( West Saxon) form of "sea." There is also the modern English word sae, which is the Anglic dialect form of "so."
Modern English, the same language I am writing in and you are reading. It is a different dialect called Elizabethan or Early Modern, but the same language, easily comprehensible by English-speakers today.
Yes, American English is considered a dialect of the English language.
Yes, British English is considered a dialect of the English language.
English Dialect Dictionary was created in 1898.