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Aristotle actually figured out the earth was a sphere, but not too many people believed him. He noticed a curved shadow during a Lunar eclipse, and inferred that it must be the earth casting that shadow. Also, he saw that the tall masts of ships seemed to "sink" as they moved far from shore on a very clear day (there were plenty of clear days back then!). And finally, he noticed that holes dug in the ground at different latitudes on the same day of different years caused different length shadows to be cast by the sun. This is indicative of a curved terrestrial surface rather than a flat one, and by using geometry (another Greek invention,) he was actually able to calculate the earth's circumference to within a couple hundred miles. But Columbus gets all the credit, which is really too bad.

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