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Q: What did the Mesopotamians believe were the largest and most impressive temples linking heaven and earth?
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What cultural features did all Greeks share?

A language and gods and goddesses. There were leagues which oversaw religious and cultural matters, the most notable of which was the Delphic (or Great Amphictyonic) League. The Olympic Games was a religious festival in which the Greek city-states participated. Macedonia was not considered Greek. Philip II king of Macedonia was denied entry to the Olympics and had to fake up an ancestry linking him to an ancient Greek hero to get in. His soldiers could not speak or understand Greek easily, and Philip and his son Alexander the great had to have interpreters when they gave orders/briefings in Greek to combined Greek/Macedonian groups.


Is Aphrodite considered to be older than Zeus?

Aphrodite may had never had an affair with Zeus but maybe this was of personal preference as Hera (Zeus wife) could of sure cursed her, or one of her demigod children as she was known as being very jealous (would you not be jealous if your husband continuously had affairs with different people?) and vengeful as proven why she cursed Echo (a nymph) to only be able to repeat what others say, or when she cursed Leto a Titanide (female titan), the mother of Apollo and Artemis to walk the earth for months before she finally settled in Delos – which was made when Zeus emerged a floating island from the sea, anchored to the bottom of the Aegean to give it stability - to give birth. Aphrodite’s name is usually associated with the Ancient Greek word for Sea foam which is aphros, this fits nicely with the story of her birth, it is said that Aphrodite was born by the coast of Cythera, out of foam which Uranus’ castrated genitals after they got thrown into the sea A quote from Ovid, Metamorphoses states: “I [Aphrodite] should find some favour with the sea, for in its holy depths in days gone by from sea-foam I was formed, and still from foam I take my name in Greece." Linking back to where and why she adopted her name. Aphrodite is considered as one of the twelve major Olympian gods, under the leadership of Zeus, as she ruled from Mount Olympus.


What happened during Hatshepsuts life?

She builds the Djeser-Djeseru. We know it as The Mortuary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut. It is located at Deir el-Bahri, The Obelisks of Hatshepsut and The Red Chapel. She lived in the Palace of Ma'at. It was rectangular structure. The capital was Thebes, Amarna, and then again Thebes. In terms of trade, Hatshepsut was not blind to the need of bolstering Egypt's economy' and indeed, the Punt expedition is but the climax of her consistent trading enterprises with Lebanon, Crete, Syria, West Africa, South Africa, Aswan and the reopening of mines in Mt. Sinai. She traded Ivory, gold, silver and other goods for eating. Hatshepsut's legacy is also extant in the enduring architectural innovations she incorporated into her building program. The design of Djeser-Djeseru is a prime example; although there exists a few doubtful precursors of the terraced template originality of the design cannot be gainsaid.' The thematic structure of the three terraces, from her role as pharaoh, to legitimization of her rule and achievements, to the worship of the deities is indisputably her own invention, as were the ramps linking them, imitating the glory of a sun's ray. Thutmose III modeled his mortuary temple on Hatshepsut's whilst Akhenaten incorporated the design of the ramps into his own buildings. Similarly, the design of Hatshepsut's tomb, with the three successive passageways leading to the burial chamber, her royal sarcophagus, her resting stations for Amun's barque were likewise replicated by her successors. Therefore, Hatshepsut's reign was characterized by a myriad of architectural innovations that became her legacy, to be admiringly integrated into the buildings of the future generations of pharaohs. Extreme prosperity and renaissance in art and building projects mark the beginning of this period. Towards the end of the 19th Dynasty the increasing power of the priesthood corrupts the central government. During the 20th Dynasty tomb robbing is done by officials. The priesthood becomes hereditary and begins to assume secular power. The government breaks down.