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By the mid-20th century BCE, Sumerian Civilization had already been through a lot. It had been co-opted by the Akkadians, conquered by the Guti and it had thrown off its invaders, and started a new Sumerian Empire with Ur as its capitol. The Hittites were a warlike people, from the city of Hattusa in Anatolia. They were big fans of chariots, which they used to great effect. They were also excellent metalworkers. They were also perhaps the first empire to see the value of iron. The Hittites used 9 languages within their territories. The Akkadian language is used for communication while the Sumerian language is used for literature. Despite their notorious characteristics, the Assyrians built the first ever library in history. This library had 200,000 clay tablets. The library was located in the empire's capital. They constructed beautiful and orderly roads and highways and the Assyrians introduced to the world the first and effective postal service.

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Q: What did the hittites and the Assyrians contribute to sumerian civilization?
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