Attempt to attack the clergy
an attempt to tax the clergy
Pope Innocent III
King John and Innocent were having a dispute over the next Archbishop. And then King John banished Innocent's bishop form England.
King Philip IV of France
Anglican
the English church
Philip Augustus of France, and King John of England
King Philip IV of France ruled during the 13th and 14th centuries. He felt he had the right to tax the clergy (church officials) in France. When Pope Boniface refused, King Philip sent troops to capture the Pope who later died of natural causes.
This is the Investiture Crisis a dispute between the Pope and the Emperor as to whom had the right to invest Bishops the lay ruler or the Church. It was symptomatic of a dispute between the Pope and the Emperor as to their authority, in particular their authority over each other. Pope Gregory eventually won this dispute and Henry was forced to seek absolution from the Pope. The dispute over the secular power of the Pope (and for that matter the right of the secular ruler to have control over the Church) did not end here however and by the later Middle Ages the secular power of the papacy had effectively ended outside the Papal State and this ended in 1870 with the fall of Rome to the Italian army.
Spain and Portugal
Napoleon crowned himself Emperor. This was already planned, and Pope Pius VII agreed.
France does not have a pope, there is only one pope and he resides in the Vatican. The Pope in 1930 was Pope Pius XI.