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The Ptolemaic system belived that the earth was the center of everything and all the planet and sun traveled around it and the copernican system belived that the sun was the center of everything and the planets and traveled around the sun.
interstellar dust
Not much, both believed in heliocentrism. That planets revolve around the sun and not everything around the earth, which was the belief that many including the Catholic Church insisted on. Copernicus believed they travelled in circles, and later thanks to Kepler we know they are eliptical. Galileo never accepted this.
Galileo's discoveries with the telescope sowed doubts about the ancient Ptolemaic model which had the Earth at the centre. First, Jupiter's moons orbited round Jupiter and not the Earth, the first objects that had been discovered that were not orbiting the Earth. Secondly the discovery of the phases of Venus raised doubt about the Ptolemaic model, particularly the gibbous phase when, we now know, Venus is round behind the Sun as seen from Earth. In the Ptolemaic model Venus never goes behindthe Sun (as seen from Earth) and the gibbous phase cannot happen.By implying in the title of his book 'Dialogue of the two world systems' that there were only two models in contention, those of Ptolemy and Copernicus, Galielo insinuated that if the Ptolemaic model was incorrect the Copernican system must be correct. This was logically flawed because at the time there were two other systems in the public domain that both explained Venus's phases. These were the models of Tycho, which was geocentric, and finally Kepler's which was heliocentric.Of these four, Kepler's was eventually accepted by everyone after Newton's theoretical discoveries showed that Kepler's elliptical orbits for the planets agreed with the new theory of dynamics.
The geocentric system of Ptolemy said that all the planets stay in their prescribed spheres. By that was meant that each planet has its own shell (a hollow sphere) that it stays inside. The sphere of Mercury is closest to the Earth, then Venus and then the Sun. Galileo discovered the phases of Venus with his telescope. Now it's quite OK for Venus to have a crescent phase in the Ptolemaic system, because it can travel between the Earth and the Sun. But Galileo also saw that Venus had a gibbous phase at certain times, which the Ptolemaic system fails to account for. Galileo said this was a serious fault with the Ptolemaic system (correct) but he then claimed incorrectly that this must prove that the Copernican system - with the Sun at the centre - is correct. Galileo was wrong about that because Tycho Brahe came up with an alternative model that had Mercury and Venus orbiting the Sun, but then the Sun and the other planets still orbited round the Earth. This was a geocentric system that correctly described all the phases of Venus. But after the work of Kepler and Newton it was eventually agreed generally that the Sun has to be at the centre.
A Ptolemaic view of the Universe has the Earth at it's centre. The Copernican centres on the sun. Both however have been found to be incorrect.
The Ptolemaic system belived that the earth was the center of everything and all the planet and sun traveled around it and the copernican system belived that the sun was the center of everything and the planets and traveled around the sun.
The Ptolemaic theory and the Copernican Theory.
Laws have been proven, theories have not
Evolution is a process, theories of evolution are theories which explain that process
The difference between models and theories is nothing hahahahahaha loser go look in your book
The Ptolemaic theory explained the way the planets moved among the stars. Other theories were produced between 1500 and 1700. After the discovery of the law of gravity and the laws of motion were discovered, the planetary theory devised by Johannes Kepler (1609) was found to fit the new theories most closely and it was adopted generally. It is still used.
what are the difference between relevance and irrelevance theories of dividends
Nope
The heliocentric 'theory' is not really a theory at all, more an assertion that the Sun is at the centre of the solar system. Copernicus's theory assumes that the Sun is at the centre and provides a model of the planets' orbits that uses circles and epicycles to explain the observed orbits. He said it was simpler than the old "geocentric" (Earth centred) Ptolemaic system, but it was not really, it actually had more epicycles. Note: Perhaps the questioner got mixed up. The Copernican theory IS a heliocentric theory. Perhaps the question is about the geocentric theory and the Copernican theory. Anyway, Kepler simplified the heliocentric theory and now we know that his model is correct.
grand theory originated in psychology while emergent theories focus on nurture.
The difference between caloric and kinetic theories is that:Caloric theory assumes that heat travels from one object to another by means of fluids.Kinetic theories assumes that heat is generated by the microscopic motion of atoms and molecules inside an object.