What do microorganisms need to live Do they need water moisture and light?

Answer 1

In order for a micro organism to thrive/survive these conditionsmustbe favorable:

-temperature, food, moisture, PH , and the oxygen (some need oxygen while others dislike it).

-most pathogens generally like a warm, dark environment .

Whilst this is a broad definition it contains some inaccuracies.

e.g. "the more acidic the better' is not true - Bacteria that live in the intestine below the stomach are in a quite strongly alkaline environment and even Helicobacter pylori which lives in the stomach buries into mucus where the pH is around 7. Most pathogenic bacteria enjoy mild pH's from 7 to around 4 at the lowest (found in hypoxic tissues).

the question is very broad - there are, in all liklihood, more species of micro-organism than there are individual vertebrates on the planet. Each prefers a different set of conditions.

If it is Pathogens (disease causing microorganisms) you are interested in then yes, they like conditions similar to those found in the human body. This usually includes a temperature of around 37 degrees centigrade and available iron, protein and sugar. They usually make their own water and do not need an outside source. They do not need light, the inside of your body has no light. Indeed, some are killed by it.