Depending on where the scientist is studying, the scientist may shelter in a research station, or in a tent if the scientist is working in the field.
Penguins that breed on Antarctica's beaches -- these sea birds live at sea otherwise -- huddle together for shelter.
Because they look for barley unseen life and use it for later study.
Tents and at one point they built a hutt
Dorms, tents, huts and some temporary shelters are useful in Antarctica as shelter.
Any temporary or travel shelter in Antarctica is provided by the person requiring shelter.
The scientist would be transported to Antarctica courtesy of the government that granted the scientist a grant to study water. Logistics could be by military airplane or by military or scientific ship.
Depending on the field research being performed, a scientist can 'stay' in dorms, tents, pre-ways or other shelter afforded to them in their location.
An Antarctician is a native of Antarctica, or an informal term for a person who has spent time in Antarctica as a scientist or researcher.
geology
Scientist go to Antarctica as well as some but little amount of tourists
Survival in Antarctica for a year -- if you are a temporary worker -- is best accomplished in the quarters assigned. If you intend to explore for a year, best practices dictate that a Scott-tent type shelter is the most practical shelter.
by dog pulled sledge.