There does not seem to be a term for this yet.
Someone who studies very hard might be called a bookworm. You could also say they keep their nose to the grindstone.
it is slang for a girl.
You call someone that studies metal a metallurgist.
A physicist.
a person who studies planets is a planetologist.
There is no special name for someone who studies Hebrew.
florist
Microbiologists
An Anthropologist.
malacologist
A Zoologist
Brocollogist